How do you increase scalability in blockchain?

There are four factors that affect blockchain scalability: limitations, gas fees, block size, and response time. These issues can be solved through:

Better consensus mechanism – though Proof-of-Work (PoW) consensus mechanism provides reliable security, it is significantly slow. On the other hand, the Proof-of-Stake (PoS) mechanism reaches consensus via choosing validators in line with their network stakes.

Sharding - this is the breaking down of large transactions into smaller data sets known as shards. The blockchain then processes the shards concurrently, facilitating sequential work on several transactions.

Nested blockchain – this is a decentralized blockchain infrastructure connected to the primary blockchain to help it process transactions. Generally, it facilitates the implementation of transactions through a unified network of secondary chains.